Brake fern plants grown in the laboratory were transferred to 2. Field and greenhouse experiments were performed to assess the performance of phytoremediation of arsenic and lead from contaminated soil at an epa superfund site barber orchard. Phytoremediation, the use of green plants to clean up polluted soil and water resources has received. Environews archives chinese brake fern a potential.
Dissolved organic carbon doc concentrations in rhizosphere soil solution. Recently discovered ashyperaccumulator ferns hold promise for phytoremediation of aspolluted soils. As willow has some specific characteristics like high transport capacity of heavy metals from root to shoot,huge amount of. Monts4,5 and yi su4 1 department of environmental science and technology, texas southern university, houston, tx 77004. Sharon doty, in plant biotechnology and agriculture, 2012. Arsenic uptake and phytoremediation potential by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi xinhua he and erik lilleskov 16. Phytoremediation types of phytoremediation notes pdf. Phytoremediation is a term for insitu remediation techniques that use plants for treating polluted soils or water.
Phytoremediation is the use of green plants to cleanup contaminated. As an emerging hopeful technology, phytoremediation for using in management and remediation of contaminated soils has its advantages and limitations. Pdf phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils. Phytotoxicity and phytoaccumulation of trivalent and. Biogeochemist lena ma of the university of florida first identified the brake ferns potential when she discovered it growing on an abandoned, arsenicladen wood preservation site.
Technical note arsenic accumulation by two brake ferns growing on an arsenic mine and their potential in phytoremediation chaoyang wei, tongbin chen institute of geographical sciences and natural resources research, chinese academy of sciences, 11a datun road. Monitoring the effects of arsenic and chromium accumulation in. A hyper accumulator chinese brake fern pteria vittata was used with the additions of edds and ca at different ratios. It designates all vegetation based remediation measures. It can extract arsenic from soil even where the level is low, for example 6 ppm, which is normal for many soils. Phytoremediation of arsenic and lead in contaminated soil using. The concept of using plants to clean up contaminated sites is not new. Examples where phytoremediation has been used successfully include the restoration of abandoned metal mine workings, and sites where polychlorinated biphenyls have been dumped during manufacture and mitigation of ongoing coal mine discharges reducing the impact of contaminants in soils, water, or air. Performance of aquatic plant species for phytoremediation. Develop a format that is accessible to epa and state regulators and others who need to evaluate alternate remedial technologies, as well as to site owners, project.
Arsenic accumulation in the hyperaccumulator chinese brake. The result obtained from the treated soil were analyzed. Brake fern carrot periwinkle switch grass white reddish. For instance, plant species like duckweed lemna gibba, water spinach ipomonea aquatica, and fern azolla pinnata have been reported to phytoremediate metals like boron, chromium, and man. Plants were grown in rhizoboxes filled with soil containing 2270 mg kg1 as. About 300 years ago, plants were proposed for use in the treatment of waste water. Understanding the mechanisms involved in arsenic tolerance and accumulation of this plant provides valuable tools to improve the phytoremediation efficiency. Potted plants of brake fern were exposed to metal treatments of as and cr for. Chinese brake fern qualifies as an arsenic hyperaccumulator and thus has potential application in phytoremediation of arsenic contaminated sites.
Effect of phytoaccumulation of arsenic and chromium on. Compared with other plant species reported for phytoremediation of crvi. Phytoremediation has been suggested as an effective and lowcost method to clean up contaminated soils salt et al. As and cr accumulation in chinese brake fern pteris vitatta, and ii to search f. Study on application of phytoremediation technology in. Examples of phytoextraction from soils arsenic, using the sunflower, or the chinese brake fern, a hyperaccumulator. It also provides a brief summary of phytoremediation. Added a very mild nitrogen based fertilizer, slowrelease formula, and put a little. The most positive characteristics are that phytoremediation is a natural and in study on application of phytoremediation technology in management and remediation of contaminated soils.
Phytoextraction of metals is mainly limited by low metal bioavailability in soil and. Plants can help clean many types of pollution, including metals, pesticides, explosives, and oil. Mcgratha, fangjie zhaoa, arothamsted research, harpenden, hertfordshire al5 2jq, uk b school of earth and space sciences, university of science and technology of china, hefei, anhui 230026, china. It was estimated that 8 years would be required to reduce the acidextractable portion of soil arsenic to safe levels 40 mgkg. Chelating agents ethylenediaminedisuccinic edds, and citric acid ca were used to aid the hyper accumulator to enhance quicker extraction rate. Phytoremediation is an emerging bioremediation technology that uses the plant to remove contaminants from soil and water. Phytoremediation is an emerging technology that employs the use of plants for clearing the contaminated sites. Agely a, sylvia d, ma lq 2005 mycorrhizae increase arsenic uptake by the hyperaccumulator chinese brake fern. A largescale hydroponic system to phytoremediate arseniccontaminated groundwater using pteris vittata chinese brake fern was successfully tested in a field. Phytoremediation of arsenic contaminated paddy soils with pteris vittata markedly reduces arsenic uptake by rice wenling yea,b, m.
A company called edenspace sells several varieties of brake fern commercially under the name edenfern, including one, the arctic, which is bred to withstand cooler temperatures. This method is less destructive than conventional methods, and can possibly lead to improved soil conditions meuser 20. Phytoremediation of arsenic and lead in contaminated soil. Pdf the use of ferns in phytoremediation researchgate.
The chinese ladder fern pteris vittata, also known as the brake fern, is a highly efficient accumulator of arsenic. The discovery of the arsenic hyperaccumulator, pteris vittata chinese brake fern, has contributed to the promotion of its application as a means of phytoremediation for arsenic removal from contaminated soils and water. On average, fern shoot arsenic concentrations were as high as 20 times the soil arsenic concentrations under field conditions. Arsenic accumulation by two brake ferns growing on an arsenic mine and their potential in phytoremediation. First place student essay phytoremediation of contaminated. Hm 2 hm hm hm 1 hm hm hm hm hm hm hm hm hm hm hm hm hm hm phytoremediation is a lowcost, environmentallyfriendly technology. Chinese brake ferns pteris vittata were used to extract arsenic.
Characterization of an ecotype of brakefern, pteris vittata, for. Phytoremediation is an important process in the removal of heavy metals and contaminants from the soil and the environment. Rate of phytoremediation and distribution of arsenic. On average, fern shoot arsenic concentrations were as high as 20 times the soil.
You may need a pdf reader to view some of the files on this page. Pdf phytoextraction of arsenic contaminated soil by. Phytoremediation arsenic in soil, part iii march 22. Phytoremediation species chinese brake ferny 20,000 ferns planted the first year. Phytoremediation raising of seedlings flow chart shows the process of phytoremediation using chinese brake fern. Phytoremediation resource guide pdf 56 pp, 436 k, 1999, 542b. The fronds of pteris vittata, or brake fern, can be clipped or the entire plant can be dug. A field study was conducted to determine the efficiency of chinese brake fern pteris vittata l.
Some plants like the brake fern are excellent for phytoremediation because they naturally tolerate contaminants and grow quickly. In this 30wk study, three frondharvesting regimes all, mature, and senescing fronds and two waterrefilling schemes to compensate for evapotranspiration highas water of 140180. Arsenic accumulation by two brake ferns growing on an. Scientists collected brake fern plants from several uncontaminated sites and then planted them in pots containing soil. The flowchart below illustrates how brake fern could be utilized in the remediation of arseniccontaminated soil. Phytoremediation of arseniccontaminated soils using. This guide provides abstracts of over 100 phytoremediation overviews, field studies and demonstrations, research articles, and internet resources. And its potential for phytoremediation of arseniccontaminated soils by gina marie kertulistartar may 2005 chair.
Chinese brake fern 5 000 ferns in 10 different areas remedy phytoremediation with brake ferns was used to treat soil in area 2, which was not accessible to excavators. Effect of phytoaccumulation of arsenic and chromium on structural and ultrastructural changes of brake fern pteris vittata balaji b. The chinese brake fern pteris vittataisanarsenic hyperaccumulator capable of storing arsenic in leaves up to 2. A plant has a potential for accumulating, immobilizing, and transforming a low level of persistent contaminants. It increases the surface area of the plan roots, allowing roots to acquire more nutrients, water and therefore more available radionuclides in soil solution. The unique property of arsenic hyperaccumulation by the newly discovered chinese brake pteris vittata l. In the case of arsenic contamination, pteris vittata chinese brake fern is a standard choice because it is an arsenic hyperaccumulator, which can. Effect of phytoaccumulation of arsenic and chromium on structural. Based on 2,5 years of field experiment, phosphate rock was an effective amendment in increasing plant biomass and arsenic uptake by chinese brake fern.
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